Topics under which knowledge is classified |  |
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| All Topics | Knowledge relating to Digital Money has been classified under the broad categories described here. This is the main heading under which all others topics are described. Each topic has a parent topic that ultimately connects here. |  |
| Anti-Money Laundering | Anti-money laundering (AML) is a term mainly used in the financial and legal industries to describe the legal controls that require financial institutions and other regulated entities to prevent or report money laundering activities. Anti-money laund | |
| Authentication | Authentication relates to the process of identifying an individual, usually based on user name and password. Authentication merely ensures an individual is who they claim to be and says nothing about the access rights, as that is managed by Authorisation. | |
| Authorised Entities | Authorised Entities refers to the types of entities that are allowed by regulators to provide specific services, after obtaining the required licenses and approval. | |
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| Bank | This topic relates to Banks or financial services institutions involved in the ecosystem. |  |
| Bank Account Based Money Transfer | This topic discusses bank-account based money transfer. This includes a variety of services that leverages a bank account on the send or receive side of a money transfer transaction. | |
| Banking | This topic relates to banking or financial services under which we pay special attention to innovative services that have recently emerged. These typically leverage new technology and channels available to consumers. | |
| Bill Payment | Bill Payment services are now offered as part of the alternative financial services that are emerging in different parts of the world. | |
| Biometrics | This relates to the Biometrics as an authentication method for Digital Money. | |
| Branchless Banking | These are initiative to utilise new technology and non-banks in order to extend the reach and provide banking services to the unbanked and underbanked. | |
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| Cash-in/cash-out | The CICO (Cash-in/ Cash-out) topic describes issues regarding the ways in which consumers are allowed to deposit and withdraw cash. | |
| Combating Financing of Terrorism (CFT) | The Combating Financing of Terrorism (CFT) topic covers legislation and topics related to countering the financing of terrorism. | |
| Competition | This topic covers issues relating to Competition rules and regulations that may apply to digital money services. | |
| Complexity | The complexity topic discusses the implications of scale, interconnectedness, dependancies and dynamism on parts of the ecosystem. | |
| Consumer Market | This describes the issues that relate to direct consumer markets, as opposed to business markets. | |
| Consumer Protection | Consumer rights are the rights given to a "consumer" to protect him/her from being cheated by salesman/manufacturer. Consumer protection laws are designed to ensure fair trade competition and the free flow of truthful information in the marketplace. | |
| Corporate Structure | The Corporate Structure topic covers specific legal rules and restrictions relating the way in which businesses structure themselves in order to offer digital money services. | |
| Corruption | The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) was enacted to prevent the bribery of foreign government officials for commercial advantage. | |
| Cryptocurrency | Cryptocurrency is the term used to refer to virtual currencies such as Bitcoin. |  |
| Customer Due Diligence (CDD) | Customer due diligence measures ensure that businesses know who their clients are, and do not accept clients outside of their normal risk tolerance, or whose business they do not fully understand. | |
| Cyber Security | Cyber security relates to protection of systems, networks and data in cyberspace and in this topic we focus on connections with Digital Money, including e-commerce and e-security across mobile, web and other channels. | |
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| Data Privacy | This topic covers Data Protection and Data Privacy as regards consumer data that businesses process as a part of marketing or delivering consumer services. | |
| Digital Money | We use the term Digital Money to refer to a host of innovative financial services that leverage alternative channels, technologies, providers or payment instruments in the delivery of financial services. | |
| Digital Wallet | The Digital Wallet topic discusses the use of an account and stored value or e-money across multiple channels and services. This includes prepaid cards, vouchers and mobile wallets. | |
| Domestic Money Transfer (DMT) | The Domestic Money Transfer (DMT) topic discusses issues relating to the transfer of money within a country. | |
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| Economy and Economic Outlook | As market development and business development activities involve a good understanding of the market conditions in each country, this topic on Economy pulls together knowledge related to Economic Outlook. | |
| Electronic money (E-money) | The Electronic money (e-money) topic discusses issues related to electronic value stored in an account and exchangeable against real money. | |
| Estimates | The estimates topic pulls together knowledge required for market development and business development activities involving business planning and forecasts. | |
| Exclusive Agency | This describes the rules regarding exclusivity. Exclusivity is a contract term in which one party grants another party sole rights with regard to a particular business function. | |
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| Financial Inclusion/ How consumers access financial services | The Financial Inclusion/Access Topic includes knowledge related to the kind of access that consumers and businesses have to channels through which they can access financial services. | |
| FinTech | FinTech is a recent term applied to disruptive financial innovation, and is similar to the term "digital money" used by Shift Thought for some years now. | |
| Foreign Exchange | This describes Currency and Foreign Exchange related topics |  |
| Fraud | Fraud can be committed through many media, including mail, wire, phone, and the Internet (computer crime and Internet fraud). The international dimensions of the web and ease with which users can hide their location, the difficulty of checking identi | |
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| Government Payment | The Government Payment topic discusses innovations in the way the government pays out money including benefits, agricultural support and other assistance to the public. | |
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| Handsets | It is critically important that services launched are accessible to the target market for whom they are meant. | |
| Host Card Emulation (HCE) | This relates to the ability to control the NFC chip through an application running within the Host Operating System. | |
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| Identity | This relates to identity and user identification that is the foundational building block for the development of digital money services. | |
| Inbound Or Payout | The Inbound topic discusses specific issues, rules and restrictions relating to inbound or Payout transactions. | |
| Information Requests | The Information Requests topic discusses the 314(a) requests received from FinCEN. | |
| International Money Transfer | The International Money Transfer (IMT) topic discusses issues relating to the transfer of money across countries. | |
| Intra Remittances | The Intra Remittances topic discusses issues, rules and restrictions relating to domestic money transfer transactions. | |
| Investment | This topic issues that are of importance to investors and venture capitalists interested in investing in Digital Money Initiatives. | |
| IoT Security | IoT security relates to protection of devices, systems, networks and data related to the Internet of Things. | |
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| Know Your Customer(KYC) | Know Your Customer, or KYC, refers to the regulatory compliance mandate imposed on financial service providers to implement a Customer Identification Programme and perform due diligence checks before doing business with a person or entity. | |
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| Legal | This topic discusses legal issues relating to digital money. | |
| Licensing | The Licensing topic discusses issues, rules and restrictions relating to licensing requirements for digital money services. | |
| Limits imposed by regulations | This topic discusses the kinds of limits imposed by regulations on the periodic and per transaction values involved in digital money transactions. | |
| Links to further information | Links to further information provided by the player or others online | |
| Loyalty | This describes Loyalty related topics | |
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| Marketing | This describes marketing related topics involved in the launch and ongoing support of digital money services. | |
| Micro Finance Institute | Micro Finance involves the provision of financial services to micro-entrepreneurs and small businesses. | |
| Migration | Migration relates to the movement of people between countries for the purpose of living in a country other than that of their birth. | |
| Mobile | This relates to special considerations for use of Mobile as a channel of access for digital money services. | |
| Mobile Banking | Mobile Banking refers to the ability to use a mobile device to conduct a range of banking services. | |
| Mobile Health | Mobile Health uses ownership of the mobile to extend healthcare services. | |
| Mobile Money | Mobile money uses ownership of the mobile to extend financial access | |
| Mobile Money Transfer | This topic covers a wide range of innovative services where a mobile device is used as a channel to provide services to market segments that include previously banked users, but also those thay may be unbanked or underbanked. | |
| Mobile network operator (MNO) | A mobile network operator (MNO) is a provider of wireless communications services that owns or controls the elements necessary to sell and deliver services to an end user. | |
| Mobile Payment | Mobile payment refers to the use of a mobile device as a channel to initiate payments. This includes both local and remote payments, as well as the use of the mobile device to accept payment (mPOS). | |
| Mobile Security | This relates to the Security considerations for mobile phone devices especially with respect to Digital Money, including e-commerce and e-security. | |
| Mobile Wallet | A mobile wallet implements an account and stored value or e-money service associated with a mobile subscription. | |
| Money Transfer | Money transfer refers to the movement of money from one person or institution to another. | |
| MSME Market | This topic discusses the MSME (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) market which is one of the fastest growing segments for digital money services. | |
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| Near field communication (NFC) | Near field communication (NFC) allows for simplified transactions, data exchange, and wireless connections between two devices in close proximity to each other, usually by no more than a few centimeters. |  |
| New Payment Methods | New/Alternative Payments refers to payment methods that are used as an alternative to cash or card. Most alternative payment methods address a domestic economy or have been specifically developed for electronic commerce and the payment systems are ge | |
| Non-banks | The term "non-banks" is used to describe players involved in the provision of digital money who are not banks or financial institutions. | |
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| Online Payment | The Online Payment topic discusses issues relating to the provision of payment services over the internet. | |
| Operations | Operations is the term utilised to describe products and services, channels, class of trade and other concepts related to the operational requirements of digital money services. | |
| Outbound Remittance | The Outbound Remittances topic discusses specific rules and restrictions relating to outbound remittances or Send transactions. | |
| Over-the-top Players | The term OTT relates to Over-the-top players that offer services that run on the rails of traditional players. | |
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| Patents covering alternate payments | This relates to patents filed in the USA, Europe or Internationally, in the domain of digital money services that include alternative payments, mobile payments, digital wallets and more. | |
| Payment Systems | Payment systems refers to operational networks, governed by laws, rules and standards, that link bank accounts and provides the functionality for monetary exchange. | |
| Payments | The Payments Topic includes knowledge related to a variety of services such as mobile payments, online payments, bill payments and more. | |
| Payout Requirements | In the context of digital money, payout restrictions and requirements must be understood from the perspective of compliance. | |
| Players/ Organisations | The term "Player" has been used to refer to organisations of all kinds that are involved in the digital money ecosystem. | |
| Politically Exposed Person (PEP) | Politically Exposed Person (PEP) is the term used to describe someone who has been entrusted with a prominent public function, or an individual who is closely related to such a person. | |
| Post | This describes issues that relate to the role played by postal institutions in the provision of digital money services. | |
| Prepaid Card/ Stored-value card | This topic discusses issues, rules and regulations related to storage of value on cards for the purpose of conveniently paying for transport, digital content, money transfer and other services. | |
| Pricing | This topic discusses rules relating to pricing within the marketing of products and services. | |
| Pricing & Transparency | This topic discusses rules relating to pricing and transparency within the marketing of products and services. | |
| Privacy | This relates to personal privacy rules that are must be adhered to in the provision of services to consumers. | |
| Products and Services | This topic discusses the products and services that are involved in the provision of digital money services. | |
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| Quick Response Code (QR Code) | A Quick Response Code, commonly known as a QR Code is a type of matrix barcode or two-dimensional barcode. | |
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| Recent Or Expected Changes To Regulations | Discusses expected or likely changes to regulations. This is very important for a number of areas of our business including Product and Strategy as well as Operations. | |
| Recordkeeping | Recordkeeping requirements relate to issues, rules and regulations relating to the maintenance of records relating to digital money transactions. | |
| Registration | The registration topic discusses issues relating to processes for consumers to subscribe to digital money services. | |
| Registration Requirements | The registration requirements topic discusses issues relating to processes for consumers to subscribe to digital money services. | |
| Regulatory compliance | Regulatory compliance describes the goal that corporations or public agencies aspire to achieve in their efforts to ensure that personnel are aware of and take steps to comply with relevant laws and regulations. | |
| Regulatory Environment | The enabling and regulatory environment consists of the bank and non-bank regulations and policies that influence the provision of remittance services and the opportunity to cross-sell other services. | |
| Regulatory Environment | The enabling and regulatory environment consists of the bank and non-bank regulations and policies that influence the provision of remittance services and the opportunity to cross-sell other services. | |
| Remittance | This relates to movement of money because of the need to send money back home. A remittance is a transfer of money typically by a foreign worker back to their home country. | |
| Remote Deposit Capture | Remote Deposit refers to the ability to deposit a check into a bank account from a remote location, such as an office or home, without having to physically deliver the check to the bank. This is typically accomplished by scanning a digital image of a | |
| Restrictions & Limits | This relates to legal restrictions and limitations on specific business. | |
| Retail | The Retail topic discusses issues and rules relating to the Retail Players involved in the digital money ecosystem. | |
| Rules Regarding Payment Delivery Time | This topic discusses requirements related to moving the money out of the system within a certain period of time, in the context of delivery of money transfer services. | |
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| Scheme | This discusses topics relating to Schemes or Card Providers involved in the ecosystem. | |
| Security | This relates to the Security considerations for Digital Money | |
| Segment | This topic discusses the various market segments for digital money services. | |
| Specific Corridor | This topic discusses the specific corridor related rules regarding currencies. | |
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| Tax | This topic discusses the tax related requirements for the various lines of business. | |
| Technology | Technology has a key role to play in enabling innovations in digital money services. | |
| Tokenization | This relates to the use of a surrogate instead of a card number. | |
| Transactions Involving Businesses | Often financial services offered distinguish between the intended use, as relates to consumers and businesses. This topic covers specific rules and restrictions relating to business transactions. | |
| Transparency | The Transparency topic discusses issues and rules relating to pricing transparency within the marketing of products and services. | |
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| Use of Agents/ Agent Network | An agent network is one of the most important requirements for the success of digital money, as it is the means for digitising cash. | |
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| Vendor/ Service provider | This topic discusses issues that relate to vendors and service providers involved in the ecosystem. | |
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| Web | This relates to special considerations for use of the internet or web as a channel for extending digital money services. | |
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| Knowledge Catalog | The Knowledge Base catalogue |  |